part 4
Progressive Tenses focus on activity in process. They are NOT passive even though they include a be verb! Think of them as video clips. Use them for background activities.
* Present: in progress now She is eating breakfast now.
* Past: in progress before She was eating when the phone rang.
* Future: in progress latelr She will be eating breakfast tomorrow
Perfect Tenses: focus on completed action. Use these when it's important to show that
something was completed (or experiences) before soethng else.
* Present: done before now I have ridden a camel.
* Past: done before past event I had ridden a camel before I left Africa.
* Future: done before future event I will have ridden a camel by noon.
* Modal Verbs add various meanings, including
* certainty (or doubt): It will rain tomorrow, vs It might rain tomorrow.
* levels of obligation: You should study. vs You had better study. vs You must study.
* regret (or reprimand) I should have called. vs You ought to have known better.
2. SUBTRACT: Use search/Replace, a word list, a thesaurus, and a gramar to tighten the text.
* Dead Wood: Delete wordoos that add no new information or that have no meaning
* Remove details that add very little new information (like a long list of candy names!)
* Replace meanngless words like thing or stuff...and sometimes that and it.
A great method for self-editing is to read your piece OUT LOUD. You'll catch monotonous or choppy rhythms, find spots that need better transitions, notice any places that might need amplifying - or condensing. Be especially aware of vague pronouns.
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